Eligibility and author approval
An author should make a substantive scholarly contribution, participate in drafting or critical revision, approve the final version and accept responsibility for the integrity of the relevant work. Routine administrative help, funding alone or seniority alone does not automatically justify authorship. Acknowledge contributions that do not meet authorship requirements with permission.
Contribution statements
Describe the role of each author, using a recognized contribution taxonomy where helpful. The corresponding author coordinates communication and confirms that the author list is accurate. AI systems cannot take responsibility for the work and must not be named as authors.
- Conceptualization, methodology and analysis
- Data collection, software or validation
- Writing, reviewing and editing
- Supervision, project administration and resources
Changes and disputes
Explain requested changes to authorship after submission and provide the agreement of affected authors. The editor may pause consideration while an authorship dispute is resolved. The journal does not adjudicate institutional employment or contribution disputes without evidence; an appropriate institutional process may be required.